Green communications is a very hot topic. As mobile networks evolve in terms of higher rates/throughput, a consequent impact on operating costs is due to (aggregate) network energy consumption. As such, design on 4G networks and beyond have increasingly started to focus on `energy efficiency or so–called green networks. Many techniques and solutions have been proposed to enhance the energy efficiency of mobile networks, yet no book has provided an in–depth analysis of the energy consumption issues in mobile networks nor has detailed theories, tools and solutions for solving the energy efficiency problems. This book presents the techniques and solutions for enhancing energy efficiency of future mobile networks, and consists of three major parts. The first part presents a general description of mobile network evolution in terms of both capacity and energy efficiency. The second part discusses the advanced techniques to green mobile networks. The third part discusses the solutions that enhance mobile network energy efficiency as well as provides future directions. Whilst the reader is expected to have basic knowledge of wireless communications, the authors present a brief introduction of the evolution of mobile networks, providing the knowledge base for understanding the content of the book. In addition, complicated network problems are illustrated using simple examples. This will help the reader understand the concept and intuition of various techniques and solutions. Incorporates the latest research results from both academia and industry, providing an up–to–date overview of existing technologies and solutions on making mobile networks greener Consists of three sections with a gradually increasing technical depth on green mobile networks, providing the reader with a systematic view of the research area, and helping those with different technical backgrounds to better understand the content Covers existing enabling technologies for green mobile networking, including an innovative discussion of state–of–the–art solutions and algorithms INDICE: 1 Fundamental Green Networking Technologies .1.1 Energy efficient multi–cell cooperation .1.2 Heterogeneous networking .1.3 Mobile traffic offloading .1.3.1 Infrastructure based mobile traffic offloading .1.3.2 Ad–hoc based mobile traffic offloading .1.3.3 User–BS associations in heterogeneous mobile networks .1.4 Device–to–Device communications and proximity services .1.5 Powering mobile networks with renewable energy .1.6 Green communications via cognitive radio communications .1.7 Green communications via optimizing mobile content delivery .2 Multi–Cell Cooperation Communications .2.1 Traffic intensity aware multi–cell cooperation .2.1.1 Cooperation to estimate the traffic demands .2.1.2 Cooperation to optimize the switching off strategy .2.2 Energy aware multi–cell cooperation .2.3 Energy efficient CoMP transmission .2.3.1 Increasing energy efficiency for cell edge communications .2.3.2 Enabling more BSs into the sleep mode .2.4 Summary and future research .2.4.1 Coalition formation .2.4.2 Green energy utilization .2.4.3 Incentive mechanism .2.5 Questions .3 Powering Mobile Networks with Green Energy .3.1 Green energy models: generation and consumption .3.1.1 Green power generation .3.1.2 Mobile network energy consumption .3.2 Green energy powered mobile base stations .3.2.1 Green energy provisioning .3.2.2 The base station s resource management .3.3 Green energy powered mobile networks .3.3.1 Off–grid green mobile networks .3.3.2 On–grid green mobile networks .3.3.3 Mixture of green base stations and grid powered base stations .3.4 Summary .3.5 Questions .4 Spectrum and Energy Harvesting Wireless Networks .4.1 Spectrum harvesting techniques .4.1.1 Energy efficiency in spectrum harvesting networks .4.1.2 Enhancing energy efficiency through spectrum harvesting .4.2 Energy harvesting techniques .4.3 FreeNet: spectrum and energy harvesting wireless networks .4.3.1 FreeNet application scenarios .4.3.2 Dynamic network architecture optimization .4.3.3 Communication protocol suite design .4.4 Summary .4.5 Questions .5 Energy and Spectrum Efficient Mobile Traffic Offloading .5.1 Centralized energy spectrum trading algorithm .5.1.1 System model and problem formulation .5.1.2 A heuristic power consumption minimization algorithm .5.2 Auction–based decentralized algorithm .5.2.1 An auction–based EST scheme .5.3 Performance evaluation .5.3.1 Centralized energy spectrum trading algorithm .5.3.2 Auction–based decentralized algorithm .5.4 Summary .5.5 Questions .6 Optimizing Green Energy Utilization for Mobile Networks with Hybrid Energy Supplies .6.1 Green energy optimization scheme for mobile networks with hybrid energy supplies .6.1.1 System model and problem formulation .6.1.2 Problem formulation .6.1.3 The GEO algorithm .6.1.4 Performance evaluation .6.2 Optimal renewable energy provisioning for BSs .6.2.1 Related works on provisioning the green power system .6.2.2 System model and problem formulation .6.2.3 The green energy provisioning solution .6.2.4 Performance evaluation .6.3 Summary .6.4 Questions .7 Energy–aware Traffic Load Balancing in Mobile Networks .7.1 Traffic load balancing in mobile networks .7.2 ICE: Intelligent Cell brEathing to optimize the utilization of green energy .7.2.1 Problem formulation .7.2.2 The ICE algorithm .7.2.3 ICE algorithm performance .7.3 Energy–and QoS–aware traffic load balancing .7.3.1 System model and problem formulation .7.3.2 vGALA: a green energy and latency aware load balancing scheme .7.3.3 Properties of vGALA .7.3.4 The Practicality of the vGALA Scheme .7.3.5 The admission control mechanism .7.3.6 Performance evaluation .7.4 Energy efficient traffic load balancing in backhaul constrained small cell networks .7.4.1 System model and problem formulation .7.4.2 Network utility aware traffic load balancing .7.4.3 Performance evaluation .7.5 Traffic load balancing in smart grid enabled mobile networks .7.5.1 System model and problem formulation .7.5.2 An approximation solution .7.5.3 Performance evaluation .7.6 Summary .7.7 Questions .8 Enhancing Energy Efficiency via Device–to–Device Proximity Services .8.1 Energy–efficient cooperative wireless multicasting .8.1.1 System model and problem formulation .8.1.2 Gradient guided algorithm .8.1.3 Performance evaluation .8.2 Green relay assisted D2D communications .8.2.1 System model and problem formulation .8.2.2 A heuristic green relay assignment algorithm .8.3 Green content brokerage .8.3.1 Problem formulation and analysis .8.3.2 The heuristic traffic offloading algorithm .8.3.3 Performance evaluation .8.4 Summary .8.5 Questions .9 Greening Mobile Networks via Optimizing the Efficiency of Content Delivery .9.1 Mobile network measurements .9.1.1 Packets retransmission .9.1.2 Queuing in mobile core networks .9.1.3 Network asymmetry .9.1.4 Queue management .9.1.5 First packet delay .9.1.6 TCP flaws .9.1.7 Application misbehavior .9.1.8 Mobile devices .9.1.9 User mobility .9.2 Mobile system evolution .9.2.1 EUTRAN .9.2.2 Integrating mobile networks and CDN .9.3 Content and network optimization .9.3.1 Content domain techniques .9.3.2 Network domain techniques .9.3.3 Cross domain techniques .9.4 Mobile data offloading .9.4.1 Direct data offloading .9.4.2 Network aggregation .9.5 Web content delivery acceleration system .9.5.1 Web acceleration system .9.6 Multimedia content delivery acceleration .9.6.1 Adaptive streaming .9.6.2 Other methods .9.7 Summary
- ISBN: 978-1-119-12510-5
- Editorial: Wiley–Blackwell
- Encuadernacion: Cartoné
- Páginas: 344
- Fecha Publicación: 21/04/2017
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés