For upper-level undergraduate engineering courses in Mechanical Behavior of Materials. This respected text introduces the spectrum of mechanical behavior of materials, emphasizing practical engineering methods for testing structural materials to obtain their properties, and predicting their strength and life when used for machines, vehicles, and structures. With its logical treatment and ready-to-use format, it is ideal for upper-level undergraduate students who have completed elementary mechanics of materials courses. INDICE: Preface, xi Acknowledgements, xvii 1 Introduction, 1 1.1 Introduction, 1 1.2 Types of Material Failure, 2 1.3 Design and Materials Selection, 111.4 Technological Challenge, 16 1.5 Economy Importance of Fracture, 16 1.6 Summary, 19 References, 20 Problems and Questions, 21 2 Structure and Deformation in Materials, 23 2.1 Introduction, 23 2.2 Bonding in Solids, 25 2.3 Structure in Crystalline Materials, 29 2.4 Elastic Deformation and Theoretical Strength, 33 2.5 Inelastic Deformation, 38 2.6 Summary, 44 References, 45 Problems and Questions, 46 3 A Survey of Engineering Materials, 48 3.1 Introduction, 48 3.2 Alloying and Processing of Metals, 49 3.3 Irons and Steels, 55 3.4 Nonferrous Metals, 63 3.5 Polymers, 67 3.6 Ceramics and Glasses, 77 3.7 Composite Materials, 84 3.8 Materials Selection for Engineering Components, 89 3.9 Summary, 94 References, 97 Problems and Questions, 98 4 Mechanical Testing: Tension Test and Other Basic Tests, 102 4.1 Introduction, 102 4.2 Introduction to TensionTest, 108 4.3 Engineering Stress-Strain Properties, 109 4.4 Trends in TensileBehavior, 119 4.5 True Stress-Strain Interpretation of Tension Test, 125 4.6 Compression Test, 135 4.7 Hardness Tests, 139 4.8 Notch-Impact Tests, 148 4.9 Bending and Torsion Tests, 152 4.10 Summary, 155 References, 157 Problems and Questions, 158 5 Stress-Strain Relationships and Behavior, 166 5.1 Introduction, 166 5.2 Models for Deformation Behavior, 167 5.3 Elastic Deformation, 177 5.4 Anisotropic Materials, 188 5.5 Summary, 196 References, 199 Problems and Questions, 199 6 Review of Complex and PrincipalStatesand Strain, 205 6.1 Introduction, 205 6.2 Plane Stress, 206 6.3 Principal Stresses and the Maximum ShearStress, 222 6.4 Three-Dimensional States of Stress, 214 6.5 Stresses on the Octahedral Planes, 228 6.6 Complex States of Strain, 229 6.7 Summary, 233 References, 235 Problems and Questions, 235 7 Yielding and Fracture under Combined Stresses, 239 7.1 Introduction, 239 7.2 General Form of Failure Criteria, 241 7.3 Maximum Normal Stress Fracture Criterion, 243 7.4 Maximum Shear Stress Yield Criterion, 245 7.5 Octahedral Shear Stress Yield Criterion, 251 7.6 Discussion of the Basic Failure criteria, 256 7.7 Coulomb-Mohr Fracture Criterion, 262 7.8 Modified Mohr Fracture Criterion, 268 7.9 Additional Comments on FailureCriteria, 273 7.10 Summary, 278 References, 280 Problems and Questions, 281 8Fracture of Cracked Members, 286 8.1 Introduction, 286 8.2 Preliminary Discussion, 288 8.3 Mathematical Concepts, 295 8.4 Application of K to Design and Analysis, 300 8.5 Additional Topics on Application of K, 307 8.6 Fracture Toughness Values and Trends, 317 8.7 Plastic Zone Size, and Plasticity Limitations on LEFM, 327 8.8 Discussion of Fracture Toughness Testing, 335 8.9 Extensions of Fracture Mechanics Beyond Linear Elasticity, 337 8.10 Summary, 344 References, 347 Problems and Questions, 349 9 Fatigue of Materials: Introduction and Stress-Based Approach, 357 9.1 Introduction, 357 9.2 Definitions and Concepts, 358 9.3 Sources of Cyclic Loading, 368 9.4 Fatigue Testing, 371 9.5 The Physical Nature of Fatigue Damage, 375 9.6 Trends in S-N Curves, 380 9.7 Mean Stresses, 388 9.8 Multiaxial Stresses, 396 9.9 Variable Amplitude Loading, 401 9.10 Summary, 410 References, 412 Problems and Questions, 413 10 Stress-Based Approach to Fatigue: Notched Members, 420 10.1 Introduction, 420 10.2 Notch Effects,421 10.3 Notch Sensitivity and Empirical Estimates of kf, 426 10.4 EstimatingLong-Life Fatigue Strengths (Fatigue Limits), 441 10.5 Notch Effects at Intermediate and Short Lives, 431 10.6 Combined Effects of Notches and Mean Stress,434 10.7 Estimating S-N Curves, 444 10.8 Use of Component S-N Data, 451 10.9 Designing to Avoid Fatigue Failure, 461 10.10 Discussion, 472 10.11 Summary, 474 References, 476 Problems and Questions, 477 11 Fatigue Crack Growth, 488 11.1 Introduction, 488 11.2 Preliminary Discussion, 489 11.3 Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Testing, 497 11.4 Effects of R = Smin /Smax on Fatigue Crack Growth, 501 11.5 Trends in Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior, 512 11.6 Life Estimates for Constant Amplitude Loading, 516 11.7 Life Estimates for Variable Amplitude Loading, 527 11.8 Design Considerations, 533 11.9 Plasticity Aspects and Limitations of LEFM for Fatigue Crack Growth, 535 11.10 Environmental Crack Growth, 542 11.11 Summary, 547 References, 549 Problems and Questions, 550 12 Plastic Deformation Behavior and Models for Materials, 559 12.1 Introduction, 559 12.2 Stress-Strain Curves, 562 12.3 Three-Dimensional Stress-Strain Relationships, 57012.4 Unloading and Cyclic Loading Behavior from Rheological Models, 578 12.5 Cyclic Loading Behavior of Real Materials, 585 12.6 Summary, 595 References, 598 Problems and Questions, 598 13 Stress-Strain Analysis of Plastically Deforming Members, 603 13.1 Introduction, 603 13.2 Plasticity in Bending, 604 13.3 Residual Stresses and Strains for Bending, 613 13.4 Plasticity of Circular Shafts in Torsion, 618 13.5 Notched Members, 622 13.6 Cyclic Loading, 633 13.7 Summary, 641 References, 643 Problems and Questions, 644 14 Strain-Based Approachto Fatigue, 649 14.1 Introduction, 649 14.2 Strain-Versus-Life Curves, 651 14.3 Mean Stress Effects, 662 14.4 Multiaxial Stress Effects, 669 14.5 Life Estimates for Structural Components, 673 14.6 Discussion, 686 14.7 Summary, 693 References, 695 Problems and Questions, 697 15 Time-Dependent Behavior: Creep and Damping, 706 15.1 Introduction, 706 15.2 Creep Testing, 708 15.3 Physical Mechanisms of Creep, 714 15.4 Time-Temperature Parameters and Life Estimates, 724 15.5 Creep Failure under Varying Stress, 734 15.6 Stress-Strain-Time Relationships, 735 15.7 Creep Deformation under Varying Stress, 742 15.8 Creep under Multiaxial Stress, 749 15.9 Component Stress-Strain Analysis, 752 15.10 EnergyDissipation (Damping) in Materials, 757 15.11 Summary, 766 References, 769 Problems and Questions, 770 App. A Review of Selected Topics from Mechanics of Materials, 779 A.1 Introduction, 779 A.2 Basic Formulas for Stresses and Deflections, 779 A.3 Properties of Areas, 780 A.4 Shears, Moments, and Deflections in Beams, 783 A.5 Stresses in Pressure Vessels, Tubes, and Discs, 785 A.6 Elastic Stress Concentration Factors for Notches, 787 A.7 Fully Yielding Loads, 787References, 797 App. B Statistical Variation in Materials Properties, 798 B.1Introduction, 798 B.2 Mean and Standard Deviation, 799 B.3 Normal or GaussianDistribution, 800 B.4 Typical Variation in Materials Properties, 803 B.5 One-Sided Tolerance Limits, 804 B.6 Discussion, 806 References, 806 Bibliography, 807 Index
- ISBN: 978-0-13-225609-4
- Editorial: Pearson/Prentice Hall
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 936
- Fecha Publicación: 05/05/2009
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés