Advanced Chipless RFID: MIMO–Based Imaging at 60 GHz – ML Detection

Introduces advanced high–capacity data encoding and throughput improvement techniques for fully printable multi–bit Chipless RFID tags and reader systems The book proposes new approaches to chipless RFID tag encoding and tag detection that supersede their predecessors in signal processing, tag design, and reader architectures. The text is divided into two main sections: the first section introduces the fundamentals of electromagnetic (EM) imaging at mm–wave band to enhance the content capacity of Chipless RFID systems. The EM Imaging through Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technique is used for data extraction. The second section presents a few smart tag detection techniques for existing chipless RFID systems. A Multiple–Input and Multiple–Output (MIMO) based tag detection technique improves the spectral efficiency and increases data bit capacity. The book concludes with a discussion of how the MIMO approach can be combined with the image based technique to introduce a complete solution with a fast imaging approach to chipless RFID systems. The book has the following salient features: Discusses new approaches to chipless RFID tags such as EM imaging, high capacity data encoding, and robust tag detection techniques Presents techniques to enhance data content capacity of tags and reliable tag detection for the readers at unlicensed microwave and mm–wave 2.45, 24 and 60 GHz instrumentation, scientific and medical (ISM) frequency bands Includes case studies of real–world applications INDICE: Preface xi .Acknowledgment xv .PART I EM IMAGE–BASED CHIPLESS RFID SYSTEM 1 .1 Introduction 3 .1.1 Barcodes as Identification Technology, 4 .1.2 RFID Systems, 6 .1.3 Barcodes Versus RFID, 7 .1.4 Chipless RFID Tag for Low–Cost Item Tagging, 7 .1.5 Chipless RFID Systems, 10 .1.6 Spatial–Based Chipless RFID System, 16 .1.7 Book Outline, 17 .References, 20 .2 EM Imaging 25 .2.1 EM–Imaging Fundamentals, 25 .2.2 Range Resolution, 27 .2.3 Cross–Range or Azimuth Resolution, 29 .2.4 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Necessity, 31 .2.5 EM Imaging for Content Coding, 34 .2.6 Conclusions, 35 .References, 36 .3 Tiny Polarizers, Secret of the New Technique 37 .3.1 Introduction, 37 .3.2 Sweetness of Diffraction, 39 .3.3 Strip–Line Polarizer, 43 .3.4 Meander–Line Polarizer, 45 .3.5 Multiple Polarizers, 47 .3.6 Polarizer Fabrication, 50 .3.7 Conclusions, 52 .References, 53 .4 Attributes of EM Polarizers 55 .4.1 Introduction, 55 .4.2 Suggested Structures as Effective EM Polarizers, 56 .4.3 Cross–Polar Working Basis, 59 .4.4 Effect of Highly Reflective Items, 64 .4.5 Secure Identification, 68 .4.6 Bending Effect on Tag Performance, 71 .4.7 Conclusion, 74 .References, 76 .5 System Technical Aspects 77 .5.1 Introduction, 77 .5.2 The mm–Band of 60 GHz, 77 .5.3 Reader Antenna, 81 .5.4 Conclusions, 106 .References, 107 .6 SAR–Based Signal Processing 111 .6.1 Introduction, 111 .6.2 SAR Modes of Operation, 112 .6.3 SAR Block Diagram, 113 .6.4 SAR–Based Signal Processing, 113 .6.5 Tag Imaging Results, 116 .6.6 System Downsides, 125 .6.7 Conclusions, 128 .References, 129 .7 Fast Imaging Through MIMO–SAR 131 .7.1 Introduction, 131 .7.2 Conventional Phased Array Antenna, 132 .7.3 MIMO–SAR Systems, 133 .7.4 Optimization, 143 .7.5 MIMO–SAR Results, 155 .7.6 Conclusion, 158 .References, 159 .PART II ADVANCED TAG DETECTION TECHNIQUES FOR CHIPLESS RFID SYSTEMS 161 .8 Introduction 163 .8.1 RFID Systems, 163 .8.2 Review of Chipless RFID Tag Detection Techniques, 167 .8.3 Maximum Likelihood Detection Techniques, 168 .8.4 Conclusions, 170 .References, 170 .9 Chipless RFID Tag Design 177 .9.1 Introduction, 177 .9.2 SISO Tag Design, 177 .9.3 MIMO Tag Design, 179 .9.4 Conclusions, 188 .References, 188 .10 ML Detection Techniques for SISO Chipless RFID Tags 189 .10.1 Introduction, 189 .10.2 System Models Time Domain, 190 .10.3 System Models Frequency Domain, 200 .10.4 Simulations, 205 .10.5 Experimental Setup, 207 .10.6 Results, 208 .10.7 Conclusion, 230 .References, 230 .11 Computationally Feasible Tag Detection Techniques 233 .11.1 Introduction, 233 .11.2 Bit–By–Bit Detection Method, 234 .11.3 Trellis–Tree–Based Viterbi Decoding, 237 .11.4 Simulation Setup, 242 .11.5 Results, 244 .11.6 Conclusions, 246 .References, 246 .12 Signal Processing for MIMO–Based Chipless RFID Systems 247 .12.1 Introduction, 247 .12.2 MIMO Decomposing Techniques, 249 .12.3 Tag Detection in MIMO, 251 .12.4 Experimental Setup, 253 .12.5 Simulations, 254 .12.6 Results, 258 .12.7 Conclusion, 268 .Reference, 268 .13 Conclusion for Part II 269 .13.1 Summary of The Proposed Techniques in Part II, 269 .13.2 Limitations of The Proposed System, 271 .13.3 Potential Applications, 272 .13.4 Future Work and Open Issues, 273 .Reference, 274 .Index 275

• ISBN: 978-1-119-22731-1
• Editorial: Wiley–Blackwell
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 304
• Fecha Publicación: 24/10/2016
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés