Textiles play a vital role in the manufacture of various medical devices, including the replacement of diseased, injured or non-functioning organs within the body. Biotextiles as medical implants provides an invaluable single source of information on the main types of textile materials and products used for medical implants. The first part of the book focuses on polymers, fibers and textile technologies, and these chapters discuss the manufacture, sterilization, properties and types of biotextiles used for medical applications, including nanofibers, resorbable polymers and shaped biotextiles. The chapters in part two provide a comprehensive discussion of a range of different clinical applications of biotextiles, including surgical sutures, arterial prostheses, stent grafts, percutaneous heart valves and drug delivery systems.This book provides a concise review of the technologies, properties and types of biotextiles used as medical devices. In addition, it addresses the biological dimension of how to design devices for different clinical applications, providing an invaluable reference for biomedical engineers of medical textiles, quality control and risk assessment specialists, as well as managers of regulatory affairs. The subject matter will also be of interest to professionals within the healthcare system including surgeons, nurses, therapists, sourcing and purchasing agents, researchers and students in different disciplines. Provides an invaluable single source of information on the main types of textile materials and products used for medical implantsAddresses the technologies used and discusses the manufacture, properties and types of biotextilesExamines applications of biotextiles as medical implants, including drug delivery systems and stent grafts and percutaneous heart valves INDICE: Contributor contact details Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles Preface Introduction Part I: Technologies Chapter 1: Manufacture, types and properties of biotextiles for medical applications Abstract: 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Fiber structure 1.3 Formation of synthetic fibers 1.4 Processing of short (staple) and continuous (filament) fibers 1.5 Understanding structure in fibers 1.6 Fibrous materials used in medicine 1.7 Key fiber properties 1.8 Textile assemblies and their characteristics 1.9 Conclusion 1.10 Sources of further information and advice 1.11 Acknowledgments Chapter 2: Nanofiber structures for medical biotextiles Abstract: 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Techniques for producing nanofibers 2.3 The electrospinning process 2.4 Using electrospun poly(s-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers as scaffolds for tissue engineering 2.5 Co-axial bicomponent nanofibers and their production 2.6 Case study: collagen/PCL bicomponent nanofiber scaffolds for engineering bone tissues 2.7 In vivo case study: engineering of blood vessels 2.8 Miscellaneous applications of co-axial nanofiber structures 2.9 Conclusion Chapter 3: Resorbable polymers for medical applications Abstract: 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Polymer degradation 3.3 Mechanical properties of existing resorbable polymers 3.4 Mechano-active tissue engineering 3.5 Elastomeric properties of fiber-forming copolymers 3.6 Elastomeric resorbable polymers for vascular tissue engineering 3.7 Conclusion and future trends Chapter 4: Shaped biotextiles for medical implants Abstract: 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Vascular grafts: key developments 4.3 Weaving, knitting and ePTFE technologies for producing tubular structures 4.4 Improving surface properties: velour construction 4.5 Multilimbed grafts 4.6 Heat setting for a more resilient crimped circular configuration 4.7 Grafts with taper and varying diameter 4.8 Tubular structures for other devices: ligaments, hernia and prolapsed repair meshes 4.9 Three-dimensional textile structures 4.10 Performance requirements of implants in the body 4.11 Conclusion 4.12 Acknowledgements Chapter 5: Surface modification of biotextiles for medical applications Abstract: 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Nano-coatings 5.3 Preparation of textile surfaces 5.4 Plasma technologies for surface treatment 5.5 Measuring surface properties of textiles: SEM and XPS 5.6 Testing antimicrobial coatings 5.7 Applications of surface treatments in medical textiles 5.8 Future trends 5.9 Sources of further information and advice Chapter 6: Sterilization techniques for biotextiles for medical applications Abstract: 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Bioburden and principles of sterilization 6.3 Traditional sterilization: advantages and disadvantages 6.4 Emerging and less traditional sterilization methods 6.5 Radiochemical sterilization (RCS) 6.6 Application of RCS technology 6.7 Conclusion and future trends Chapter 7: Regulation of biotextiles for medical use Abstract: 7.1 Introduction 7.2 US regulation of biotextiles 7.3 European Union regulation of biotextiles 7.4 Quality standards for biotextiles 7.5 The role of quality standards in the development of biotextiles 7.6 Safety issues with 'me-too' products with new intended uses 7.7 Dealing with cutting-edge technology 7.8 Conclusion Chapter 8: Retrieval studies for medical biotextiles Abstract: 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Standards and animal models for implant retrieval studies 8.3 Testing retrieved biotextile implants: harvesting, test planning, sample preparation and cleaning 8.4 Testing retrieved biotextile implants: analytical techniques 8.5 Specialized tests for specific retrieval studies 8.6 Precautions for retrieval studies 8.7 Limitations of retrieval studies 8.8 Conclusion and future trends Part II: Applications Chapter 9: Drug delivery systems using biotextiles Abstract: 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Types of drugs 9.3 Types of polymers 9.4 Technologies and fiber structures 9.5 Types of drug delivery systems (DDS) 9.6 Future trends 9.7 Acknowledgements Chapter 10: Types and properties of surgical sutures Abstract: 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Classification of suture materials 10.3 Essential properties of suture materials 10.4 Dyes and coatings to improve suture identification and properties 10.6 Appendix: further information on sutures Chapter 11: Materials for absorbable and nonabsorbable surgical sutures Abstract: 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Natural materials for absorbable sutures 11.3 Synthetic materials for absorbable sutures 11.4 Materials for nonabsorbable sutures 11.5 Future trends 11.8 Appendix: further information on sutures Chapter 12: Surgical knot performance in sutures Abstract: 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Tensile properties of knotted sutures 12.3 Knot strength 12.4 Performance in dynamic tests 12.5 Knot security 12.6 Friction in sutures and friction-based hypothesis of knot security 12.7 The use of lasers to improve knot security 12.8 The use of tissue adhesive to improve knot security 12.9 Conclusion 12.10 Acknowledgements Chapter 13: Barbed suture technology Abstract: 13.1 Introduction 13.2 The development of barbed sutures 13.3 Materials for barbed sutures 13.4 Barbed suture design and manufacture 13.5 Testing and characterization 13.6 Properties of barbed sutures 13.7 Surgical techniques using barbed sutures 13.8 Applications of barbed sutures 13.10 Acknowledgement Chapter 14: Small-diameter arterial grafts using biotextiles Abstract: 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Understanding compliance 14.3 Tests for compliance 14.4 Testing compliance in practice: a case study 14.5 Engineering small-diameter vascular grafts by weaving 14.6 Using elastomeric threads to construct small-diameter vascular grafts 14.7 Summary 14.8 Acknowledgements Chapter 15: Vascular prostheses for open surgery Abstract: 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Arterial pathologies 15.3 The development of modern vascular surgery 15.4 Vascular grafts of biological origin 15.5 Vascular prostheses from synthetic polymers and biopolymers 15.6 Improving current vascular prostheses 15.7 Conclusion Chapter 16: Biotextiles as percutaneous heart valves Abstract: 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Heart valve replacement: critical issues 16.3 Textile valves: manufacturing requirements 16.4 Textile valves: in vitro performance 16.5 Textile valves: long-term performance 16.6 Textile valves: in vivo performance 16.7 Conclusions and future trends Chapter 17: Biotextiles as vena cava filters Abstract: 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Current filters for embolic protection in the IVC 17.3 An ´ideal´ IVC filter design Chapter 18: Biotextiles for atrial septal defect repair Abstract: 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Anatomy and physiology of a normal functioning heart 18.3 Epidemiology, pathology, incidence and patient population of ASDs 18.4 Historical methods of ASD repair 18.5 Current noninvasive treatments, therapies and devices used to repair ASDs 18.6 Advantages and disadvantages of the current technology 18.7 Future trends 18.8 Conclusion Chapter 19: Hemostatic wound dressings Abstract: 19.1 Introduction 19.2 The importance of hemostatic textiles 19.3 Understanding the clotting of blood 19.4 Influence of foreign surfaces on blood clotting 19.5 Existing hemostatic materials 19.6 Future trends Chapter 20: Anterior cruciate ligament prostheses using biotextiles Abstract: 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Anatomy and structure of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 20.3 Biomechanics of the ACL 20.4 Clinical problems associated with the ACL 20.5 Diagnosis and treatment of ACL ruptures 20.6 Autograft for ACL reconstruction 20.7 Allograft for ACL reconstruction 20.8 Graft healing in ACL reconstructive surgery 20.9 The use of synthetic materials and prostheses in ACL reconstructive surgery 20.10 Complications with synthetic ligaments 20.11 Augmentation devices 20.12 Tissue engineering and scaffolds 20.13 Xenografts 20.14 Conclusion Chapter 21: Endovascular prostheses for aortic aneurysms: a new era for vascular surgery Abstract: 21.1 Introduction 21.2 History and advantages of stent grafts 21.3 Stent graft design and performance 21.4 Prefenestrated devices for juxtarenal aneurysms 21.5 Novel approaches to the treatment of juxtarenal and suprarenal aneurysms 21.6 Conclusion Index
- ISBN: 978-0-08-101392-2
- Editorial: Woodhead Publishing
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 704
- Fecha Publicación: 30/06/2016
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés