Facilitative glucose transporters in articular chondrocytes: expression, distribution and functional regulation of GLUT isoforms by hypoxia, hypoxia mimetics, growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines

Published data from our laboratories suggest that chondrocytes express multiple isoforms of the GLUT/SLC2A family of glucose/polyol transporters. In other tissues GLUT proteins are expressed in a cell-specific manner, exhibit distinct kinetic properties, and are developmentally regulated. Several GLUTs expressed in chondrocytes are regulated by hypoxia, hypoxia mimetics, metabolic hormones and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this multidisciplinary article we review the molecular and morphological aspects of GLUT expression and function in chondrocytes and their mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell precursors and propose key roles for these proteins in glucose sensing and metabolic regulation incartilage. INDICE: Introduction.- Articular Cartilage: Structure, Function and Pathophysiology.- Does Arthritis have a Nutritional Aetiology?- Metabolic Dysfunction in Arthritis.- Glucose: An Essential Metabolite and Structural Precursor forArticular Cartilage.- Mammalian Sugar Transporter Families: GLUT and SGLT.- Molecular Diversity of Facilitative Glucose Transporters in Articular Chondrocytes.- Regulation of Glucose Transport by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs(NSAIDs).- Glucose Transporters in the Intervertebral Disc.- Glucose Transporter Expression and Regulation in Embryonic and Mesenchymal Stem Cells.- Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.- Subject Index.

• ISBN: 978-3-540-78898-0
• Editorial: Springer
• Encuadernacion: Rústica
• Páginas: 100
• Fecha Publicación: 01/08/2008
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés