Molecular Nutrition: Carbohydrates presents the nutritional and molecular aspects of carbohydrates. A part of the Molecular Nutrition series, this book is divided into three sections: general and introductory aspects, molecular biology of the cell, and genetic machinery and its function. The first section, general and introductory aspects, presents coverage on general aspects of carbohydrate metabolism, carbohydrates in the diet and insulin resistance, dietary sugars, cardiometabolic risk, lipoproteins, low-carbohydrate diets, antioxidants, refined dietary sugars, fats, amino acid and gaining. The second section, molecular biology of the cell, includes material on glucose transporters, glucose sensing, the role of phosphorylation, carbohydrate responsive binding protein, cyclic AMP, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, SIRT1, the endocannabinoid system, and anthocyanins. The third section, genetic machinery and its function, addresses has material on genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genotypes and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, polymorphisms and focused areas on specific SNPS, insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GIP receptor (GIPR) genes rRNA and transcription. The book also addresses emerging fields of molecular biology and presents important discoveries related to diet and nutritional health. Summarizes molecular nutrition in health as related to carbohydratesAddresses emerging fields of molecular biology and presents important discoveries related to diet and nutritional healthIncludes key facts, a mini dictionary of terms, and summary points INDICE: Part One: General and Introductory Aspects 1. Carbohydrate metabolism: general aspects 2. Carbohydrate in the diet and insulin resistance 3. Interrelationships between lipoproteins and carbohydrate in the diet 4. Carbohydrate metabolism in relation to antioxidants 5. Refined dietary sugars (fructose and glucose) and disease 6. Replacing carbohydrate with protein and fat in the diet 7. Interrelations between glucose production and amino acids: a focus on BCAs 8. Carbohydrate diets and aging 9. Incomplete fructose absorption and its consequences 10. High-fructose diets and vascular complications Part Two: Molecular Biology of the Cell 11. Glucose transporters and their cellular form, role and function 12. Glucose sensing mechanisms 13. The role of protein phosphorylation in glucose transporter pathways 14. The molecular biology of the carbohydrate responsive binding protein (ChREBP) and its role in conversion of dietary carbohydrate to storage fat 15. The supplement p-synephrine and its effects on carbohydrate metabolism via cylic AMP 16. Cardiological aspects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma activation and high glucose 17. Hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) gamma, -alpha and fructose 18. Dietary carbohydrate restriction and SIRT1 19. Glucose homeostasis and endocannabinoid system (ECS): implications for diet and nutrition 20. Anthocyanins and molecular mechanisms of glucose regulation 21. Molecular markers of oxidative stress induced by fructose and impact of nutritional protective components Part Three: Genetic Machinery and Its Function 22. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and regulation of fasting blood glucose 23. Genotypes and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism risk 24. Polymorphisms of genes involved in glucose metabolism 25. Focused areas of single nucleotide polymorphisms research and glucose metabolism: the FNDC5 gene 26. The MED13 gene and glucose homeostasis 27. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GIP receptor (GIPR) genes 28. Mutation in SLC2A1 gene and glucose transporters 29. APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism and glucose metabolism 30. Glucose metabolism and rRNA transcription 31. Gene expression and glucose metabolism in fat cells 32. Fructose-rich diets and gene expression of MMP-9 33. High-fructose diet and hypothalamic gene expression 34. High fructose consumption and DNA methylation
- ISBN: 978-0-12-849886-6
- Editorial: Academic Press
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 592
- Fecha Publicación: 01/06/2019
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés