Dietary supplements made from foods, herbs and their constituents are a rapidly growing market sector. Consumers often view food supplements as 'natural' and therefore safe; however, supplements are regulated as foods rather than as pharmaceuticals and so are not as closely monitored as may be necessary. With the commercial market in these products growing, this book provides essential research into their safety, efficacy and potential risk of interaction with pharmaceuticals. Following an introductory chapter, part one covers the chemical composition, manufacture and regulation of dietary supplements. Part two looks at the effectiveness of different types of dietary supplement and methods of evaluation. Finally, part three focuses on supplement safety. Reviews the design, production and regulation of dietary supplements.Analyses the potential for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions between dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals.Offers reviews of important clinical studies on the efficacy of dietary supplements for range of conditions. INDICE: List of contributors Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition Introduction Part One: General issues1: Dietary supplement labelling and health claimsAbstract1.1 Introduction: the regulatory situation in the European Union (EU)1.2 Labelling requirements1.3 Nutrition claims1.4 Health claims1.5 Borderline substances: between foods and medicine1.6 ConclusionsAcknowledgementsAppendix: abbreviations2: Good manufacturing practice (GMP) in the production of dietary supplementsAbstract2.1 Introduction2.2 Key issues related to good manufacturing practice/good hygienic practice (GMP/GHP) implementation2.3 Documentation of GMP2.4 Benefits and drawbacks of GMP use in organisations2.5 Summary3: Analysing the composition of fortified foods and supplements: the case of vitaminsAbstract3.1 Introduction3.2 Extraction and purification methods3.3 High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)3.4 Gas chromatography (GC)3.5 Capillary electrophoresis (CE)3.6 Spectroscopic methods3.7 Microbiological methods3.8 Immunoassays3.9 Other methods3.10 Future trends Part Two: Drug-supplement interactions4: Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: herbal supplementsAbstract4.1 Introduction4.2 Herbals: introduction4.3 Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort (SJW))4.4 Allium sativum (garlic)4.5 Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo)4.6 Panax ginseng (ginseng), Piper methysticum (kava kava) and Serenoa repens (saw palmetto)4.7 Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower), Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle)4.8 Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Valeriana officinalis (valerian) and Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh)4.9 Glycine max (soy), Camellia sinensis (green tea) and Zingiber officinale (ginger)4.10 Morinda citrifolia (noni), Aloe vera (aloe), Vitis vinifera (grape seed) and Curcuma longa (turmeric)4.11 Stevia rebaudiana (stevia), Lepidium meyenii (maca) and Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen)4.12 Summary5: Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: probiotic and lipid supplementsAbstract5.1 Introduction5.2 Probiotics and drug delivery in the colon5.3 Probiotics: summary5.4 Lipids and drug delivery5.5 Lipidic excipients and drug release5.6 Summary: pharmacokinetic drug-lipid interactions6: Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: carbohydrate, protein, vitamin and mineral supplementsAbstract6.1 Introduction6.2 Carbohydrates as dietary supplements6.3 Carbohydrates as pharmaceutical excipients and prodrugs6.4 Carbohydrates: summary6.5 Proteins, peptides, and amino acids6.6 The impact of proteins on drug pharmacokinetics and their use as prodrugs6.7 Proteins: summary6.8 Vitamins6.9 Vitamins: summary6.10 Minerals and oligoelements6.11 Minerals: summary7: Pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs and dietary supplementsAbstract7.1 Introduction7.2 Vitamins7.3 Minerals7.4 Herbal supplements7.5 Antioxidants7.6 Conclusion Part Three: Vitamins, minerals and probiotics as dietary supplements8: Vitamins/minerals as dietary supplements: a review of clinical studiesAbstract8.1 Introduction: efficacy in clinical trials does not guarantee practical impact8.2 Are some natural metabolites conditionally essential nutrients?8.3 Use of supplements to improve micronutrient adequacy8.4 Do folic acid supplements prevent neural tube defects (NTDs)?8.5 Do supplements of the ACE vitamins and selenium reduce cancer and heart disease mortality?8.6 Do vitamin C supplements prevent or ameliorate the common cold?8.7 Do vitamin D (and calcium) supplements improve bone health and have wider benefits?8.8 Can supplements of essential minerals reduce blood pressure?8.9 Should parents in areas without fluoridated water give their children fluoride supplements?8.10 Do micronutrients improve immune function in the elderly?8.11 Conclusions9: Reviewing clinical studies of probiotics as dietary supplements: probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders, Helicobacter eradication, lactose malabsorption and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)Abstract9.1 Introduction9.2 Probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders9.3 Probiotics for Helicobacter eradication9.4 Probiotics for lactose malabsorption9.5 Probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and associated conditions9.6 Safety of probiotics9.7 Conclusions and future trends10: Reviewing clinical studies of probiotics as dietary supplements: probiotics for atopic and allergic disorders, urinary tract and respiratory infectionsAbstract10.1 Introduction10.2 Probiotics for atopic and allergic disorders10.3 Probiotics for urogenital infections10.4 Probiotics for respiratory tract infections10.5 Conclusions11: Reviewing clinical studies of probiotics as dietary supplements: probiotics for oral healthcare, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer prevention, metabolic diseases and postoperative infectionsAbstract11.1 Introduction11.2 Probiotics for oral healthcare11.3 Probiotics for rheumatoid arthritis11.4 Probiotics for cancer prevention11.5 Probiotics for metabolic diseases11.6 Probiotics for postoperative infections11.7 Conclusions Index
- ISBN: 978-0-08-101571-1
- Editorial: Woodhead Publishing
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 630
- Fecha Publicación: 30/06/2016
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés